Political Diary
New Delhi, 28 August
2018
Quota In Perpetuity
IS SC/ST IMMORTAL?
By
Poonam I Kaushish
Indians are succors for tamasha and trust our politicians to convert reservation into a big
circus. Last week the Supreme Court was grappling again with this vexatious
issue: Providing promotion for Scheduled Castes (SC) and Scheduled Tribes (ST)
in Government jobs. Raising a moot point: Are quotas immortal? Merit be damned!
“Suppose a person by virtue of reservation gets into IAS and
becomes secretary through reservation in promotion. Can a very senior
bureaucrat’s grandson and great-grandson be treated as backward for promotion
in employment, and that too in perpetuity?”queried the Court while hearing
arguments whether backwardness of SC and ST should persist forever, requiring
the perpetuation of quotas?
Vehemently supporting
quota in promotion for the SC/ST communities, the Government wanted the 2006
Nagaraj judgment revisited by which the top court had laid down the criteria
for reservation in promotion. One, reservations in promotions could be allowed
if only there is quantifiable data to determine backwardness of the employee, two,
determine adequacy of SC/ST representation in jobs and three, keep the overall
efficiency in administration in mind while granting promotion
Countered those against reservation, can these be in perpetuity? When does
backwardness supercede equality assured by our Constitution and equal opportunities in public employment? Is it fair that a
meritorious person is denied promotion because the elevation quota is full? Where
does he head?
Does it make sense if someone with 90%
in engineering sells medicines while a Dalit with 40% becomes a doctor, thanks
to reservation? What purpose does quota serve when an officer is unable to cope
with the decision-making process? Are caste-based reservations the answer for maintaining India’s
social fabric and harmony? How does it better the lot of the SC/ST if a few get
jobs?
Certainly, social justice is a
desirable and laudable goal and it is the Government’s fundamental mission to
uplift the poor and backward classes, educate and provide them equal
opportunities. Moreover, reservation for the
‘weak’ SC and ST is important against the backdrop of their abysmal
representation in Government jobs and denial of promotion in the upper echelons
of service where decision-taking power vests.
However,
how will reservation in
promotion per se better the lot of
the SC/ST if a few get promoted? When do promotions supercede competence? It cannot be at the
cost of nurturing mediocrity. Once you are a
Class-I officer, you cease to belong from the backward class. Alongside,
it is equally dangerous to indulge in stoking rivalries on the facetious reason
that it to uplift the down-trodden.
Shockingly, according to Government sources departments and public
sector undertakings find it hard to find competent and eligible officers to
fill vacancies via promotions. Even in cases of employment which require
technical education like diploma, B Tech or graduation the SC/STs failed to
make the grade due to lack of education and expertise.
Pertinently, the danger in imposing arbitrary promotion quotas in
Government is three-fold. One, working and excellence standards would be
crippled by ineptitude, ineffiency and backlog. Two, it would be difficult to
attract and retain qualified people as they could lose out in the promotion race.
Three, any deterioration in the quality of governance would short-change the
NDA’s quest to market Brand India’s economic growth. Whose USP lies in the
brain, skills and expertise of its educated and skilled manpower.
Remember,
there is no place for double standards or the Orwellian concept of ‘more equal
than others’ in a democracy. What is sauce for the goose is sauce for the
gander. The Fundamental Rights provide for equal opportunities for all
irrespective of caste, creed or sex. Let’s not fudge or forget this. Also, one
cannot put a cap on human development.
Undoubtedly, reservation
is not the sole panacea for eradicating poverty, nor is it a guarantee that
members of castes will get Government jobs or seats in Parliament and State
Assemblies. By that token, the whole social reform movement will become
meaningless. Our leaders should remember that universalisation of reservation
will mean goodbye to excellence and standards --- a ‘must’ for any modern
nation that wishes to forge ahead.
How will the champions
of Reservation Raj Government respond if SC/STs and OBCs demand 50% seats reservation in Parliament and State
Legislatures? And how about having at least 27% reserved Ministerial posts? And
each caste begins to complain of non-representation in Parties or Government
departments? Look how the proposal for 33 per cent reservation for women in
Parliament and State Legislatures has been hanging fire for over a decade. Let
charity begin at home.
Unsurprisingly, a backlash has set in,
with members of the forward castes decrying the unfairness of affirmative
action in perpetuity, and asking whether it is reasonable, for instance, that
the daughter of a senior Government servant from a backward caste should
benefit from reservations while the son of his upper-caste driver or clerk
competes for limited unreserved seats. How is the Government going to tackle reverse discrimination?
This, in turn, would
lead to a subsequent slowdown in the economy and end up hurting the chances of
economic upliftment for the people who are at the bottom of the economic
ladder. Further, it would lead to a brain drain and disillusionment of
qualified and well deserving people.
Some argue that reservations
should no longer be caste-based but tied only to economic criteria, with the
poorest of all castes benefiting from them rather than the better-off of some
castes. Counter those in favour of quotas the stigma of untouchability
continues, no matter however prosperous a Dalit family, as many upper-caste
Indians would not grant it respect unless its members enjoyed the status that
comes with, for instance, a Government position.
India of 2018 is not
the India of 1989 where a young 18-year old student, Rajiv Goswami immolated
himself in public. Today our polity has to realise that it has to deal with a
savvy Rang de Basanti generation aged
between 18-35 years who constitute 50% population and believe in action not
reaction.
They seek jobs on
merit in an over-crowed employment market where the labour force is growing 3.5%
annually, employment is rising by 2.3% resulting in increasing joblessness. Over
6000 have applied for 10 joint secretary jobs advertised by the Modi
Government. Thus, none has given thought to the challenge of absorbing new
entrants to the job market, 12 million every year and clearing the backlog. In
this scenario where do quotas fit?
Indeed, the time has
come for our polity to think creatively about how to achieve the goal of
putting everyone on equal footing. Merely having quotas in promotion will not
spell excellence. Towards that end, they need to develop innovative ways of making
SC/STs qualified thereby enabling them to compete with the general category. By
cramming down promotional quotas in jobs is like putting the cart before the
horse.
In the ultimate, our petty power-at
all-cost polity has to think beyond vote-bank politics and quotas which are divisive and self-defeating whereby struggle
between backwards and forwards is more meaningful than Left and Right in
politics. The
Government must rethink the entire reservation policy and stop the blind
application of quotas. If this situation is not corrected now, India will soon
become a State of incompetence and mediocrity. The buck stops at Modi’s door.
--- INFA
(Copyright, India
News & Feature Alliance)
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