Economic Highlights
New
Delhi, 16 May 2015
Silk Road Sweet-Coated
BEGINNING OF NEW TIES?
By Shivaji Sarkar
The Silk Road is
mysterious, dazzling, posing hopes, even some fears but ultimately unavoidable.
India
has trudged it for millennia, traded heavily, earned gold and also lost to some
marauders. Has all this changed? Is Prime Minister Narendra Modi seeking to
alter it with business deals, gifting a Bodhi tree – eternal source of
knowledge, or does it continue to be besieged by age-old border issues?
It is indeed a difficult and charming route. The coming
century is being viewed as the era of the Chinese, whereas the earlier two were
marked by the prowess of the UK,
Europe and the US.
While America still remains
in the reckoning, Russia,
under sanctions of the West, has too started looking towards Beijing and acknowledges its rise as an
economic and military power.
Whether it likes it or not, southern neighbor India cannot ignore the growing might of China. It has
two options: either to ignore it completely and slip into a utopia or live with
it cautiously and gainfully through healthy participation and subtle moves. At
the same time, India
too is said to be growing. Its projected growth at 8 per cent would be faster
than China’s
falling growth, now veering around 7 per cent. While India’s trudging ahead sounds good,
there is a difference in the volume of economy of the two countries. India despite steady progress is yet to match China—its manufacturing growth remains low while
Beijing is on
high trajectory. Yes, critics can say China also has slowed a bit, but
that can be no consolation.
Economic dynamics is still favourable for China and is much ahead of what India is
planning. New Delhi must learn from Beijing, whose business
strategies are in perspective, has a bureaucracy, not merely the political
leadership that is pro-active and well-versed with dealing with the psyche of
its competitors.
This is what India
needs to be apprehensive about. During the past year, Chinese businesses have
almost bagged 60 per cent of the total standardization certificates issued by
Indian Standards Institution (ISI), thus demonstrating that it’s dead set about
giving the tough competition.
So far Chinese goods were merely a ‘cheap’ buy. But now the
price advantage is being offered with quality as well. Indian business needs to
look hard for strategies to unseat these. It must remember that the Chinese
businesses have done so long back in Europe and the US. Manufacturing of utilities
there were cornered long back with this strategy – lower price and tolerable
quality, which suited the ‘use-and-throw’ culture.
As against this, Indian business has been a bit too
dependent on the Government. They are too protective, be it the licence-permit
raj, the era of liebralisation or any other period. They gobble up public money
for their ventures and never return the loan leading to a whopping Rs 3 lakh
crore bank NPAs (losses) apart from another few lakh crore government subsidies
and tax relief they garner. The nation’s loss is always their individual gain.
China is different. Indians often believe
that it wants to capture its market, as they have virtually done so. But China also has taken care to do so in many other
markets – entire south-east Asia, Pakistan,
Sri Lanka, Maldives, Myanmar,
West Asia and now is even penetrating Africa.
China is coping well with the high pace
of home production through its foreign contracts. It is eyeing $10.6 billion
rail projects in Thailand,
$20 billion energy projects in Pakistan
and building 3000-km road to strategic Gwadar port at the Makran coast in Pakistan. The
projects have political connotations too. The Gwadar road is also a tool to
check discontent in troubled Xinjiang. China
has penetrated Sri Lanka
with soft loans and virtually made a key base at Hambantota port.
Additionally, Beijing is
eyeing mineral and petroleum resources in the Indian Ocean
region. But it is pro-actively preventing India
from having a tie-up with Vietnam
in South China Sea, frowns at economic and military tie up with Japan and Taiwan. It pinpricks India on Tibet and even on Indian territories
of Arunachal and Aksai Chin. Besides, it doesn’t mind marauding through
Pakistan-occupied-Kashmir.
For increasing its business, Beijing goes to any extent mixing, diplomacy,
gunboats and aggressive postures at international and UN bodies. New Delhi has to match this and not be just satisfied with
the gains of some contracts or deals for building hi-speed train tracks and
asking it to contain the balance of trade that is highly in favour of China.
However, the 10th Annual Business Confidence survey of European companies
in China
prepared by the European Chamber of Commerce shows business discontent. More
than half of the 552 companies surveyed have been in China
for over a decade and these have growing apprehensions of Beijing becoming stricter with its norms on
finances, to competition, to pollution. Beijing,
they have started feeling feel is becoming “less businesslike”.
And, here is where India
should see an opportunity. It must also learn from China that a liberal attitude is
often taken advantage of which could harm the host. Besides, on the HR front,
rising labour costs are on the minds of executives. Thus New Delhi is mulling changes in labour laws to help such companies.
Can we learn from the Chinese experience? The worst labour law violators are
the western companies. How would India gain by extending facilities
to such violators? Is it not possible to have a joint international approach on
labour issues to protect the workers? China, of late, also has to think
of worker protection.
“India
is just not about IT and beauty. As Modi presses for greater market access for
Indian companies, Indian companies also have to localize their services for the
China market”, says
Rangarajan Vellamore, CEO, Infosys China.
“New energy is evident in the relationship, as Modi and
Chinese President Xi Jinping have a close rapport”, says BJP General Secretary
Ram Madhav, accompanying the PM in Beijing.
He, however, is concerned about China
re-hyphenating vis-à-vis Pakistan,
which is a problem. It doesn’t matter how many business deals India has with China, but what does is how
strategically it matches every Chinese move. Beijing
has eyes on West Asia and Europe. It will
neither overlook Pakistan nor give-up efforts at encircling India.
Indeed, it’s a difficult relationship. Modi’s efforts of sweet-coating
it is a good diplomatic move. Recall former Prime Minister Atal Behari Vajpayee
had in the context of China
stated: “You cannot change your neighbour”. The present NDA government is
following this precisely. But it must remember that the gains cannot be
measured in terms of dollars, as eventually these may be much more. At the same
time, ticklish points would remain and the love-hate relationship shall
continue. --- INFA
(Copyright, India News & Feature Alliance)
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