Events & Issues
New Delhi, 18 November 2014
Role of
Private Sector
MAXIMUM
PROFIT ONLY GOAL?
By Dhurjati
Mukherjee
Most political and economic analysts
talk about the need for more privatization for only then can efficiency be
brought into the system. But the record of the private sector in various areas
proves that it has very little social and economic responsibility as its only
object is maximization of profit at any cost. Whether it is in the realm of
health or education or even mining and industry, there are various examples of
the private sector violating rules and regulations of the land through
unethical practices and manipulation at all levels.
Recently, a division bench of the Bombay
High Court slammed private hospitals, stating that they were being run more
like businesses than as a service to the people. This was on a public interest
litigation (PIL) seeking the discharge of two patients detained by Seven Hills
Hospital at Maroi and Prachin Healthcare Multi-specialty Hospital at Panvel
over disputed medical bills. There are umpteen such examples of private
hospitals and nursing homes across the country reportedly cheating people and
minting money taking advantage of their illness.
Both health care and higher
education – engineering, medicine and other professional course – have been
areas where private sector has entered in a big way and has been making huge
profits. The lower middle class – let alone those from economically weaker
sections -- cannot get their wards inducted in private colleges and
universities due to exorbitant fees or afford treatment in private hospitals.
There is no mechanism to check how
many students from the lower echelons of society are admitted into these
institutions, most of whom have got land at subsidized rates. These sectors
have become safe areas of investment as returns are assured. Moreover, State
governments give land at a subsidized price for setting up such institutions
and/or hospitals as the companies assure reserving seats/beds for the poor,
which is rarely done.
The very fact that illegal income
was made and stashed abroad is a pointer to the fact that the private sector
did not do clean business in the country. According to unofficial estimates,
this figure comes to around $500 billion, which may be a fourth of our national
income. Though the Government has started getting this or even a part of
the amount back into the country, it may not be possible due to various
constraints. Those who feel that this accumulation has been due to high levels
of taxation are wrong, it is because the Indian business community has been
unethical and only interested in making money at whatever cost.
The changing reality of crony
capitalism made possible by unethical business approach and politician-business
nexus has vitiated the private sector and except, for a few, most analysts
believe that though it may be a little more efficient but the overall record of
the sector is not worth appreciation. It is also felt that neither do
politicians want the sector to do fair business in the country as at all levels
the political class want to be rewarded. At the highest national or State
levels, it is an open fact that the private sector has always given money to
get various types of
clearances.
The mining scam, the 2G spectrum
scandal and Coalgate mess are all the result of politician-business bonding. In
most States there is such nexus. The Sahara Group’s alleged nexus with the
ruling political party in U.P. and that of the Sarada scam with the ruling
party in West Bengal is well known. Take the
case of the erstwhile Tamil Nadu Chief Minister Jayalalitha, who could amass
thousands of crores of assets due to favours extended to the private sector.
These are just few of the hundreds of thousands of illegal dealings that take
place in each State whereby both the party in power and the business group
benefits.
As is well known, the Supreme Court
had tried to clean up the system by cancelling telecom licenses and coal mining
leases allotted without adherence to clear principles. Private parties were
allotted so that the nation and people could benefit from their early
exploitation. While a section used illegal means to get the coal leases, others
did not start exploitation in time. It remains to be seen whether the private
parties would be honest and adhere to the rules and regulations of the land in
carrying out exploration work of our valuable national
resources.
The Government is always ready to
help the private industrial sector at all costs as big business houses have
enjoyed a huge competitive advantage of being on the inside track and having the
network to cut through the labyrinthine licensing and regulatory processes.
This has to change as governance becomes more transparent.
Let us take the banking sector. The
Reserve Bank of India (RBI) then deputy governor K C Chakrabarty had stated (at
the annual bankers’ conference) that banks had sacrificed around Rs one lakh
crore by writing off bad loans to corporates which is much higher than
Chidambaram’s farm loan waiver in 2008. As Chakrabarty informed: “In the last
13 years, banks have written off Rs 1 lakh crore and 95 per cent of these are
bad loans. Everyone talks of the farm loan write-off but it is the medium and
large enterprises segment that has a 50 per cent share in NPAs (non performing
assets)”.
Apart from this, the arrest of
Bhusan Steel vice chairman and that of chairman & managing director of
Syndicate Bank over an alleged bribe of Rs 50 lakh for favour doled out to the
steelmaker is again a pointer to the fact that the private sector is
grabbing whatever it can, legally or illegally. The case of Kingfisher Airlines
is well known and many politicians and bankers have been beneficiaries as the
company received huge loans, which have now become NPAs. There are numerous
other such cases in the banking sector but rarely such high-ups are caught and
public money is allowed to be squandered for the benefit of the industrial
class.
Doing business honestly and
efficiently, following the guidelines has to be the norm of the private sector
if it has to play an expanding role in economic development of the country.
This is unfortunately not happening at the moment. Reforms do not mean giving
everything to the private sector but judiciously scrutinizing the potential and
track record of the companies before giving them more
opportunities.
One may conclude with a significant
observation by Prof. Romila Thapar, the renowned historian, who aptly pointed
out: “The neo-liberal culture and economy cannot easily be changed but its
ill-effects can be reduces, provided we are clear that society must be rooted
in the rights of citizens to resources, to welfare and to social
welfare”. --- INFA
(Copyright, India News and Feature Alliance)
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