Open Forum
New Delhi, 27 October 2014
Doles To
Development
ALL-IN-ONE MODI
APPROACH
By Dharmendra Nath
“Let’s think big. Let’s think far. Let’s think above
politics.” This message by Prime Minister Narendra Modi to NDA MPs over Diwali
Milan is all encompassing. Five months in Government, Modi is providing a
leadership whose key constituents are good citizenship “swachch Bharat” (not
the controversial concept of Indianness) and mass movement/urge for
development, his Make in India
slogan (he has special praise for Gandhi for creating a mass following during
Freedom movement). There is nothing sectarian about this agenda. Issues of Ram
Mandir and Babri mosque have been left far behind. No trace of these. His
journey hopefully is in search of a better secular future for all countrymen.
General Elections 2014 brought about a significant change in
Indian polity. Some have hailed the event as a page turner while others have
described it as the rebirth of the nation. To a dispassionate observer, the
event is still in the making. However, one can read the indications and try to
figure out the silhouettes of the emerging phenomenon.
At the ground level, Congress party rule at the Centre has
been replaced by the BJP. Secondly, while Congress ruled through a coalition by
compulsion today’s government has outright majority in Lok Sabha though it
retains its coalition alliance with its old partners. All these are known
entities. What is new and in a sense intangible in the situation is the
emergence of Narendra Modi as the virtual head of the Government and the ruling
party. Hence, a lot of speculation is going on.
Since early days in our national life we have traversed the
path of a socialist pattern of society. This has involved a dominating role for
the State in our economic life. Many areas of activity belong exclusively to
the State. In many other areas the State is a dominant player. The remaining
area is heavily regulated. One needs to obtain various permissions and has to
file various compliance reports. Private enterprise has thus largely been at
the mercy of the Government and the regulations. In pursuance of the socialist
agenda, the State has also regulated private wages and labour employment
conditions etc. It has also introduced various cross subsidies and floated
several State-sponsored social welfare schemes.
Net result of it over the years is before us. There are
shortfalls everywhere, and more particularly in areas reserved for the State.
Be it power, be it railways or road network. This has happened despite the
continued existence of the Planning Commission which was supposed to plan and
take care of our future needs. We find the State withdrawing itself in
desperation from a lot of activities due to its inability to deliver. That gave
birth to the concept of public-private partnership. Let the government seek the
helping hand of private sector.
Circumstances have brought us to a crossroads today. Why not
make an effort to look at things differently? What if we unleash not the
control of the State as we did in the first instance but the entrepreneurial
power of the people? That is the economic context of Modi.
Our quest for State-controlled socialist pattern of society
led us to offer rations and kerosene etc at highly subsidized rates. The
resources thus forgone could have been deployed in nation building and
infrastructure strengthening works and they could have generated further
resources for development. But the lure of subsidized prices was not only
ideologically pleasing, it was a great vote catching device and also useful in
keeping the party down the line economically satisfied. It was totally ignored
that subsidies perpetuate stagnation and create corruption.
Similarly, despite rising costs Railway passenger fares have
been kept static for the last so many years in the name of not burdening the
common man. Starved of the needed resources railways have failed miserably to
deliver against the rising demand.
Other instruments of socialist policy such as repeated
rounds of loan-waiver schemes too depleted our resources while at best giving
doubtful relief to the needy but always enabling the channel to absorb much of
the flow.
MNREGA is a much-touted rural employment scheme. With all
our accumulated experience of manipulated PWD muster roles we still chose to go
the whole hog. Studies have shown that States with lower poverty rates have
absorbed greater MNREGA outlays. How did that happen unless the musters were
false? All over the country rumour is rife that MNREGA spillages all along the
administrative chain have miraculously transformed themselves into SUVs. That
remains a largely unwritten story. We must create jobs but not fake ones.
The chief lesson our socialist experiment taught us was to
expect something for free. Most of our national energy went into that lack
luster exercise instead of going into an effort to enlarge the size of the
cake. That led to shortages we face today.
We are now being taught to aspire and to achieve. It is a
totally new lesson for many. A nation which was being pulled along with the
help of the opiate of subsidies is being led to aspire and to strive and to
grow. That reminds us of poet Rabindranath Tagore’s exhortation to create a
country where “ceaseless striving stretches its arms towards perfection”. That
is the attraction of the slogan that better days are to come “acche din aane wale hain”. It may be a
distant memory recall for us but still a great confidence booster.
As a follow up to his vision, Modi is prioritizing on
infrastructure development (power, roads, railways, ports) and liberalization
(reforms in regulatory, energy and labour sectors). He is encouraging
decentralization through an enhanced role for State governments in the policy
making process. His search for inclusive growth leads to mass opening of
zero-balance savings accounts in banks. That step is again a charismatic mood
enhancer (giving a foretaste of ownership) and creates expectation of
participation in current and future growth. Latest we learn is that RTI
enquiries/answers are to be put on line creating mass viewership and
participation. How close do we get to Plato’s democracy by using modern
technological instruments?
As has been said in the beginning these are early days to
judge. But the indicators all point to a hopeful direction for all and a sound
future for the country. Provided the Modi approach doesn’t get deflected. ---
INFA
(Copyright,
India News and Feature Alliance)
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