Political Diary
New Delhi, 2 August 2014
Bugging Scandal
HELLO, I HEAR YOU
LOUD!
By Poonam I Kaushish
Making a mountain out of a molehill? Or a molehill out of a
mountain? Two questions which sent political Delhi into a tizzy last week. All over reports
of Union Road Transport and Highways Minister Nitin Gadkari's residential bedroom
being bugged. Raising a moot point: Is this the BJP’s new Chera and Chintan over
its ministerial Chaal and Chritra?
Predictably, a rumped Congress sans issues went to town
asserting it reflected lack of faith and mutual trust among NDA Ministers.
Notwithstanding, Home Minister Rajnath Singh pooh-pahing it, instead trying to
turn tables by stating Gadkari might have been targeted by the Congress UPA
regime. Sic.
True, in a narrow political sense the I-spy-game in
political circles is old hat. Distressingly, the Central and State Governments
take recourse to “illegal” phone-tapping to keep track of their own flock,
political opponents using legitimate purposes of militants and anti-social
elements as a perfect camouflage. Thereby, underscoring how low and dirty out
polity plays.
Indeed, instances are aplenty: phone tapping to destabilize
the BJP-BSP coalition Government in UP in 2001, ex-Samajwadi leader Amar
Singh’s ‘Operation Majnu’ 2006,
Himachal Chief Minister Virbhadra Singh 2009, President Pranab Mukherjee as
Finance Minister and corporate lobbyist Nira Radia in 2010,
In 2011 SP supremo Mulayam and Amar Singh’s audio CD with
lawyer Shanti Bhushan to “fix” a judge, senior BJP leader Yashwant Sinha phone-bug
2012, Finance Minister Arun Jaitley’s call data records (CDR) accessed by a
detective when he was Rajya Sabha Leader of Opposition 2013 along-with 60 high-profile politicians and Gujarat’s
Snoopgate scandal last year et al.
Who cares if it is violation of an individual’s basic right
to privacy, his fundamental right to freedom of speech and illegal and
violation of Telegraph Act of 1885. And the 1996 Supreme Court order which
ruled that wiretaps are a "serious invasion of an individual's confidentiality”.
With the rider, that the right is only available and enforceable against the
State and not against action by private entities.
The Court also laid out guidelines for wiretapping by the Government
which defined who could tap phones and under what circumstances. Officially,
only the Union Home Secretary, or his counterparts in the States can issue an
order for a bugging and the police are allowed to tap phones of a person
receiving threatening calls. In addition, sporadic tapping is allowed to track
money launderers. All decisions, however, are subject to review by an oversight
committee headed by the Cabinet Secretary.
The Government is also required to show that the information
sought cannot to be obtained through any other means. Tapping has to be done
with the assistance of the telecommunications department. For instance, the
Research and Analysis Wing (RAW) is known to possess computers that can catch a
key word in a conversation and then record the entire conversation. The
computer is fed with the name of the wanted person and any conversation where
that person's name is used gets recorded.
Security agencies are now understood to be actively making
what are called "plotter's charts" in their terminology. The cellphone
of a person visiting New Delhi
can be locked in their beams by sleuths and even if he does not discuss
confidential issues, the signals can track his movements.
Moreover, if you pay the linesman who is sitting near the
telephone exchange a little money, he can arrange a parallel connection and you
can easily tap the conversation. No matter that tapped phone calls are not
accepted as primary evidence in Indian courts.
It does not matter whether you are a corporate rival,
political informer, private detective, a jilted lover or simply a voyeur, new
technology is available to assist you in accomplishing a 'mission'. All it
takes is the right equipment and the bank account to support the investment. On
offer spyware from a measly Rs 2,000 to Rs 50,000 has flooded the Capital's
sordid underbelly.
One can buy a pair of spectacles, a car key, wrist watch, a
SIM card, button camera in a shirt or chewing gum packet, a USB drive which all
double up as listening devices. Spy cameras installed
inside mangal sutras, necklaces,
earrings, iPods and various other fashion accessories and electronic devices
costs between Rs 8,000-Rs 50,000 depending on the cameras range and focus. There
are even 20 megapixel cameras which have both audio and video recording facilities
and good memory capacity and can cost about Rs 10,000.
Undeniably,
phone-tapping is undertaken the world over for reasons of national security or
serious crimes. In the US
the National Security Agency is authorized by a Presidential order to monitor,
without search warrants, phone calls, e-mails, Internet activity, text
messaging, and other communication involving any party believed by the NSA to
be outside the U.S without referral to the courts.
In the UK
bugging is usually carried out by MI5, MI6, GCHQ and the police and most people
are targeted on suspicion of terrorism or serious crime. Also, a total of 653
State bodies, including 474 Councils, have the power to intercept private
communications. In fact, several countries have grappled unsuccessfully with
the issue of phone-tapping and privacy.
In some countries, independent bodies have been appointed to
adjudicate disputes. In Canada,
there is a privacy commissioner for the task. In New
Zealand, an ombudsman plays the role while in the UK, a Data
Protection Tribunal has been appointed for this purpose.
Notably, methods to prevent tapping are also available but
not many use these as it involves the use of debugging instrument and
scramblers which are cost prohibitive, thereby keeping people away.
Alas, despite assertions by successive Governments regarding
introduction of a new-age legislation and setting up of an organisation to
oversee telecom companies, we do not appear to have travelled very far towards
ensuring privacy and a fair deal for telecom subscribers. As, with most laws, there
continues to be a gap between the law and its enforcement.
Undeniably, the Gadkari issue has highlighted the time has
come for a debate on the invasion of privacy. It is not merely an issue of
washing of dirty political linen to score petty points. But as more and more
people turn to higher technology-based phones, privacy and grievance redress
will become more and more contentious as it involves the basic issue of human
rights. Questions rarely addressed by Parties.
In sum, in a milieu where paranoia is the hallmark of
governance, both at the Central and State level, access to tapes, records and
information held by our polity and bureaucrats would provide urgent much-needed
enlightenment and entitlement to the aam
aadmi to not only stay ‘connected’ and fight corruption but also have
public money being properly utilized in development and improvement of the
country.
In this murky political world where the winner takes it all,
the time has come for the Government to prescribe a fresh set of guidelines
barring “illegal” tapping phones. Or else it could turn into a scandalous
“political tool and stock-in trade practice’. What gives? ----- INFA
(Copyright,
India News and Feature Alliance)
|