Economic
Highlights
New Delhi, 26 July 2014
Novel FCI, FDI In Insurance
ENROUTE TOWARDS NEW ORDER
By Shivaji Sarkar
The Narendra Modi Government is indeed
taking over the reins. It is taking decisions on reforms and is trying to check
prices. It has taken a sanguine decision of selling 10 million tonnes of wheat
in the open market and on FDI on insurance it has been cautious as not to put
the FDI fund increase to 49 per cent on automatic mode.
Food, FDI, divestment and taxes have
been the bane of the economy for the past few years. A bureaucrat-controlled
government had made the life of people difficult and the economy was put to
shambles. People want the political brains to run the Government. Undoubtedly,
the bureaucracy needs to be dealt with a stern hand for taking governance on
course.
Importantly, there has been an old
suggestion to turn the Food Corporation of India (FCI) into a market
intervention agency. The NDA Government has now virtually accepted that wisdom.
The Government had earlier taken a decision to release from its stocks five
million tonnes of rice. The decision to release wheat should now send the
hoarders into a tizzy and force them to release more stocks in the market.
Logically the prices of food grains should come down.
The Government, however, has to be
cautious. The market undeniably has been convoluted during the past few years
to benefit the large traders and hoarders. So it should not be expected that
this move alone would lead to a price crash. There are many other allied mechanisms,
including forward trading in food grains and farm commodities that have to be
reformed. The improper governance of the past few years has put onerous task on
the new dispensation.
The availability of food should not
be restricted alone to the below poverty level people. Those above that
euphoric line could any day slip down if they have to buy food grains and
essential commodities at high and unaffordable rates. The ration shop should be
allowed to be accessed by anybody who wants to lift the quota from there, even
if he or she is a multi-millionaire. There should be no dual pricing. It is the
citizen’s right and the Government is supposed to facilitate it. That is the
fundamental of the State and good economy.
Onion has not escaped the Government’s
attention. It has put a virtual export ban and the doors for imports have been
kept open. But the vegetable market has been convoluted by the large retail
cartels. Action needs to be initiated against them.
A positive too is seen in the
international market. Commodity prices are coming down. It has helped sugar
prices to remain under check, despite allowing concession to Indian producers.
However, the price situation as yet is not comfortable. The Government has to take
more steps to keep its critics at bay.
It is trying to balance institutions
such as the views of the World Bank on reforms and strong domestic views on
FDI. It has bitten the bullet by allowing increase in FDI to 49 per cent from
26 per cent in insurance. Simultaneously, it has put too many cautionary steps.
Insurance is a volatile business. In
the 1950s, foreign insurance companies had put the country in a difficult
situation as many folded up without paying the benefits to policy holders. So
the 49 per cent increase is not an automatic process. It would require FIPB
clearance and mandatorily the control of the company would be with Indians. The
Government hopes that it would satisfy the critics of FDI and also safeguard
the interest of the beneficiaries.
In yet another move, it has belled
the cat at the World Trade Organisation (WTO). It has told the WTO that it
would not accept selective developing country oriented customs reforms. The latter
has been asked to initiate worldwide reform on customs rates. It means that even
the EU and US would have to have the same rates and cannot make arbitrary
changes to alter the world dynamics.
The WTO was told to put off trade
facilitation agreement (TFA) and India even went to the extent of
using veto to stall the implementation of new anti-developing country rules. It
is a significant move. It could resuscitate Indian manufacturing as imports of
trivial items could be barred through tariff mode. In simple terms, the Government
has exhibited the courage to take on the WTO.
So far, it has not taken a decision
on divestment though it wants to raise Rs 58,000 crore through this route. It
should keep in mind that divestment should not be a fund-raising exercise. The
assets of each company – land to scrap – have to be assessed. Hindustan Zinc
was sold for Rs 221 crore and the buyer raised Rs 550 crore by selling scrap
alone. Similar was the case of Centaur Hotel. Those mistakes must not be
repeated and the Government should pay heed to the adage—once bitten twice shy.
A wiser route is to lease out the
companies, with controls in Government. Companies such as Air India are
causing a constant drain. If it is leased out at a proper annual fee, the Government
would benefit in many ways. It also needs to swoop down on all its previous
CMDs and other officials who have allegedly made crores by taking illegal
concessions as also compromising the interest of Air India to benefit its rivals. All
these officials’ pensions and other benefits must be stopped and they should be
asked to pay for the losses of the profit-making company.
Divestment has to be selective.
Divesting ONGC-like companies does not help the economy. It should also not be
for the purpose of reducing fiscal deficit.
Finance Minister Arun Jaitley’s
assurance of ensuring low-tax regime is welcome. He has also to ensure that tax
officials do not misuse their discretion. Further, he need not expand the
numbers of appellate and tribunals as these add to expenditure. He only has to
tell the officials that they do not harass people on petty cases such as taking
benefits of interest waiver on home loans for 15 years. There are numerous such
frivolous cases that causes problem to individuals, who have little time to
protest.
Importantly, the Government is
making the right moves. It has to ensure that political leadership remains in
touch with the people. If that happens, not only in insurance but in all other
sectors, investments would not be lagging. One only hopes that a new era in
Indian economy would begin soon. ---INFA
(Copyright, India
News and Feature Alliance)
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